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Mike -
Hard to follow these threads sometimes, but when Markus wrote -
"And in signal list, I can only specify the position size in
terms of money rather than the number of shares ..."
I thought that he didn't see how to encode number of shares directly in sig.PosSize in the Signal object in the CBT and have it used for the trade. So, I referred him to the help which details the encoding - that is, -2000 for number of shares. This can be calculated from cash and be set in the CBT signal list before making mid or low level calls to process signal trades.
-- BruceR
--- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "Mike" <sfclimbers@xxx> wrote:
>
> Bruce,
>
> In this case he is trying to calculate shares based on portfolio cash position. So, SetPositionSize using spsShares does not apply since portfolio cash is not known except in the custom backtester.
>
> Mike
>
> --- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "bruce1r" <brucer@> wrote:
> >
> > Markus -
> >
> > Saw this post also in skimming. Another easy one that can be summed up as check the help (ALWAYS). In this case look for the function related to PositionSize. It is SetPositionSize(). See how # of shares is encoded in the signal object for the backtester. Then, you can read or write it before processing the signal in the CBT.
> >
> > Just a suggestion since you indicated you were new to this, but targeted search of the help file for additional related info is something that you'll find yourself doing often.
> >
> > -- BruceR
> >
> >
> > --- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "Mike" <sfclimbers@> wrote:
> > >
> > > Markus,
> > >
> > > To simplify your life, start first by not using any commissions in your backtest (see Settings of Auto Analysis window). Then do as you have outlined; set the position size to the Signal.Price multiplied by the number of shares desired. You definitely do not want to work with either trade list, that's too late - the trade has already taken place.
> > >
> > > If you have any rounding issues, post your formula here, or send it to support and they can help clarify for you.
> > >
> > > Mike
> > >
> > > --- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "Markus Witzler" <funnybiz@> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Mike,
> > > >
> > > > thanks loads for your thorough explanations!
> > > >
> > > > I´ll need to digest what you wrote but I´m still a little confused. I had read the pdf you mentioned a couple of weeks ago but as it turns out completely misunderstood!
> > > >
> > > > I don´t understand how I make sure that exactly the number of shares is being bought that I want (whatever amount of money that means)? If I specify sig.possize in signal loop (which implies a given number shares?!), this could maybe (in some cases) result - due to rounding issues- in a slightly differing number of shares, right (I don´t know how AB rounds up or down)? Buying/selling the exact number of shares is crucial for my purposes!
> > > >
> > > > So, where do I do that? The closed trade list probably is not the right spot to determine # of shares since the trades already have been closed. The open trade list probably not as well since there the trades already have been initiated, right? And in signal list, I can only specify the position size in terms of money rather than the number of shares, even if I did it like this:
> > > > sharesize=round(((Heat*bo.cash)/(y*ATRmultiplier))/250)*250; // i.e. # of shares/contracts
> > > >
> > > > sig.possize=sharesize*sig.price; // i.e. position value in terms of USD
> > > >
> > > > The other issue you mentioned (determening a trade´s bar number) needs to wait until I have understood this issue - but it sounds somehat complicated...
> > > >
> > > > Sorry for my ignorance!
> > > >
> > > > Markus
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > From: Mike
> > > > To: amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> > > > Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 4:40 AM
> > > > Subject: [amibroker] Re: Using CBI the first time
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Markus,
> > > >
> > > > If you haven't already, it would be a good idea to read "AmiBroker Custom Backtester Interface.pdf" found in the files section of this group.
> > > >
> > > > The way your code is now, you are trying to mix and match signals with trades, which is not permitted.
> > > >
> > > > A signal does not become a trade until *after* the signal has been processed by the backtester. There are a number of portfoliio restrictions that may prevent a signal from actually being accepted and made into a trade. For example, you may not have sufficient funds, you may have exceeded the number of allowable open positions, etc.
> > > >
> > > > You need to set the position size on the Signal object. If the signal becomes a trade, that is what will later dictate the Trade object's shares. Note that a Signal's PosSize property can be expressed as a percetage of equity (negative) or as a dollar amount (positive). Do the math and use a positive number to control the number of shares (e.g. number of shares desired multiplied by share price, remember to take into account commisions if you use them).
> > > >
> > > > You will not have bar by bar access to the trade list as you do with signals. Therefore, you must determine the bar index of the trade based on its entry date then use Foreign to reference the bar by bar data using the bar index for that date. An example of this approach can be seen in a similar post that I made a short while ago:
> > > >
> > > > http://finance.groups.yahoo.com/group/amibroker/message/139969
> > > >
> > > > As for your custom trade metrics. I don't see a need for showing the number of shares since this is already provided by AmiBroker in the backtest report. Also, since Signal.PosSize ultimately ends up being the same as Trade.Shares, this information is also already there. As for the cash position prior to the trade, that would be available as the Low in ~~~Equity for the bar prior to the bar of the trade as outlined in this message:
> > > >
> > > > http://finance.groups.yahoo.com/group/amibroker/message/139634
> > > >
> > > > Hope that helps.
> > > >
> > > > Mike
> > > >
> > > > --- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "Markus Witzler" <funnybiz@> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hello Mike,
> > > > >
> > > > > thanks from a newbie. I wasn´t aware of that.
> > > > >
> > > > > I still have another problem:
> > > > >
> > > > > Since I use low-level code (to be able to employ proprietary stops later on), I need to use the signal list to exit/enter trades.
> > > > >
> > > > > Since I want to have a per-trade output of my metrics, I need to use trade.addcustommetric rather than bo.addcustommetric.
> > > > >
> > > > > But when I use trade.addcustommetric in a signal list, I get an error (see code below).
> > > > >
> > > > > I understand the problem but don´t find a way out.
> > > > >
> > > > > The same is true for trader.shares (see code). I need it to calculate correct position value which is then subtracted from actual cash position to get the new cash position after a trade.
> > > > >
> > > > > Maybe, you can jump in once again, if you don´t mind? This whole CBI thing is stilla little beyond me, to be homest>G<.
> > > > >
> > > > > Thansk again
> > > > >
> > > > > Markus
> > > > >
> > > > > SetCustomBacktestProc("");
> > > > >
> > > > > if (Status("action") == actionPortfolio)
> > > > >
> > > > > {
> > > > >
> > > > > bo = GetBacktesterObject(); // Get backtester object
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.PreProcess(); // Do pre-processing
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > Initial_equity=bo.cash=1000000.00;
> > > > >
> > > > > My_total_equity=0;
> > > > >
> > > > > Value_open_positions=0;
> > > > >
> > > > > Heat=0.1;
> > > > >
> > > > > y=0;
> > > > >
> > > > > ATRmultiplier=5;
> > > > >
> > > > > for (i = 0; i < BarCount; i++) // Loop through all bars
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > {
> > > > >
> > > > > for (sig = bo.GetFirstSignal(i); sig; sig = bo.GetNextSignal(i))
> > > > >
> > > > > { // Loop through all signals at this bar
> > > > >
> > > > > // Long trades
> > > > >
> > > > > if (sig.IsEntry() && sig.IsLong()) // Process long entries
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > {
> > > > >
> > > > > ATRexRounded = Foreign("~ATRExpLagRounded_"+sig.Symbol, "V"); // Get symbol's AtrExpLagRounded array, which is simply an exp. MA of the Average True range of a given number of days. I used a proprietary code to set the first day´s value as seed value rather than zero, as AB´s ATR() function apparrently does.
> > > > >
> > > > > ATRex = ATRexRounded[i]; // Reference a value in the array
> > > > >
> > > > > if (i=0)
> > > > >
> > > > > y=ATRexRounded[i];
> > > > >
> > > > > else
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > if (i>0)
> > > > >
> > > > > y=ATRexRounded[i-1];
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.shares=round(((Heat*bo.cash)/(y*ATRmultiplier))/250)*250; // i.e. # of shares/contracts rounded to the nearest 250 lot and depending on the actual cash position
> > > > >
> > > > > sig.possize=pos_size_shares*sig.price; // i.e. position value, expressed in USD
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.EnterTrade(i, sig.Symbol, True, sig.Price, sig.PosSize);
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.AddCustomMetric("initial equity", initial_equity); // to get per-trade statistics!
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.AddCustomMetric("Cash position", bo.cash);
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.AddcustomMetric("Position size [shares]", trade.shares);
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.AddCustomMetric("Position Value", sig.possize);
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > else
> > > > >
> > > > > { if (sig.IsExit() && sig.IsLong()) // Process long exits (cover longs)
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.ExitTrade(i, sig.Symbol, sig.Price);
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > // Short side
> > > > >
> > > > > if (sig.IsEntry() && sig.IsLong()==False) // Process short entries
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > {
> > > > >
> > > > > ATRexRounded = Foreign("~ATRExpLagRounded_"+sig.Symbol, "V"); // Get symbol's AtrExpLagRounded array
> > > > >
> > > > > ATRex = ATRexRounded[i]; // Reference a value in the array
> > > > >
> > > > > if (i=0)
> > > > >
> > > > > {
> > > > >
> > > > > y=ATRexRounded[i];
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > else
> > > > >
> > > > > {
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > y=ATRexRounded[i-1];
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.shares=round(((Heat*bo.cash)/(y*ATRmultiplier))/250)*250;
> > > > >
> > > > > sig.possize=pos_size_shares*sig.price;
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.EnterTrade(i, sig.Symbol, False, sig.Price, sig.PosSize);
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > else
> > > > >
> > > > > {
> > > > >
> > > > > if (sig.IsExit() && sig.IsLong()==False) // Process (cover) short exits
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.ExitTrade(i, sig.Symbol, sig.Price);
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.HandleStops(i); // Process programmed stops or applystop at this bar
> > > > >
> > > > > } // End of for loop over signals at this bar
> > > > >
> > > > > for (trade = bo.GetFirstOpenPos(); trade; trade = bo.GetNextOpenPos())
> > > > >
> > > > > { // Loop through all open positions
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > Value_open_positions=Value_open_positions+ trade.getprice(i,"C")*trade.shares;
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.addCustomMetric("Value of open positions", Value_open_positions);
> > > > >
> > > > > My_total_equity=bo.cash+Value_open_positions;
> > > > >
> > > > > trade.AddCustomMetric("My total equity", My_total_equity);
> > > > >
> > > > > } // End of for loop over trades at this bar
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.UpdateStats(i, 1); // Update MAE/MFE stats for bar
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.UpdateStats(i, 2); // Update stats at bar's end
> > > > >
> > > > > } // End of for loop over bars
> > > > >
> > > > > bo.PostProcess(); // Do post-processing
> > > > >
> > > > > AddToComposite( My_total_equity, "~~~My_total_equity", "X", atcFlagEnableInPortfolio | atcFlagDefaults ); // to plot an indicator
> > > > >
> > > > > AddToComposite( trade.shares,"~~~Position size [shares]", "X", atcFlagEnableInPortfolio | atcFlagDefaults );
> > > > >
> > > > > AddToComposite( sig.possize, "~~~Position Value", "X", atcFlagEnableInPortfolio | atcFlagDefaults );
> > > > >
> > > > > AddToComposite( bo.cash, "~~~Cash position", "X", atcFlagEnableInPortfolio | atcFlagDefaults );
> > > > >
> > > > > AddToComposite( Value_open_positions, "~~~Value of open positions", "X", atcFlagEnableInPortfolio | atcFlagDefaults );
> > > > >
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > > From: Mike
> > > > > To: amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> > > > > Sent: Tuesday, July 14, 2009 8:14 PM
> > > > > Subject: [amibroker] Re: Using CBI the first time
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi,
> > > > >
> > > > > I believe that your code says it all ;)
> > > > >
> > > > > > } // End of for loop over trades at this bar
> > > > > >
> > > > > > ...
> > > > > > trade.AddCustomMetric("My total equity", My_total_equity);
> > > > >
> > > > > "trade" is null after the loop.
> > > > >
> > > > > Mike
> > > > >
> > > > > --- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "Markus Witzler" <funnybiz@> wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hello all,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I intend to create a proprietary formula for "My_total_equity" to able to modify it later on to suit to my individual needs.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Here, I_ use "Value of cash position (bo.cash) + value (all open positions by their close)" as a start.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > When I run backtest, I get the following message:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > "Com Variable not initialized or has invalid type" though I initialized "Value_open_positions=0" and also "My_total_equity=0;"
> > > > > >
> > > > > > The loop to determine the aggregate value of all open positions goes like this:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > for (trade = bo.GetFirstOpenPos(); trade; trade = bo.GetNextOpenPos())
> > > > > >
> > > > > > { // Loop through all open positions
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Value_open_positions=Value_open_positions+ trade.getprice(i,"C")*trade.shares;
> > > > > >
> > > > > > trade.addCustomMetric("Value of open positions", Value_open_positions);
> > > > > >
> > > > > > } // End of for loop over trades at this bar
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > My_total_equity=bo.cash+Value_open_positions;
> > > > > >
> > > > > > trade.AddCustomMetric("My total equity", My_total_equity);
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Where is the mistake? If the whole code is required, please let me know.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Markus
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>
------------------------------------
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