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Ron:
I have used PrintKey2000 for several
years. I save it, then zip it.
Go to this link for a FREE and unsupported
copy:
<a
href="">http://www.webtree.ca/newlife/printkey_info.htm
of this Pro version at this home site
<a
href="">http://www.geocities.com/~gigaman/
Ken
-----Original Message-----
From: mrdavis9
[mailto:mrdavis9@xxxxxxxxxx]
Sent: Thursday, May
22, 2003 <span
>7:58 PM<font size=2
face=Tahoma>
To: amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Cc: jeff davis
Subject: Re: [amibroker] Re: Image
Copy Problem even when copied to Word.
I have a question at the end of this wordy dialog. In
order to capture a chart image, someone taught me to press Control and
then PRINTSCREEN. Then I hit the start button, and click on RUN, and
PAINTBRUSH always shows up as the default choice the OPEN window. I then click
OK. Paintbrush then presents me with a blank page. I then click
EDIT at the top of the blank page of paintbrush, and then click copy. The
chart image then appears in the blank page. I would like to be able
to immediately zip the image before I save it. As it is now, I click
save, and then have to go get the saved folder, and then zip it. Is it
possible to zip it while it is still in paintbrush, just before I save
it? Also, is there an easier way to capture and zip
images? Any thoughts will be appreciated. Ron D
----- Original Message -----
<span
>From:<font
size=2 face=Arial> <a
href="" title="salil_gangal@xxxxxxxxx">salil_gangal
To:<font size=2
face=Arial> <a
href="" title="amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx">amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Sent:<font size=2
face=Arial> Thursday, May 22,
2003 11:00 AM
Subject:<font size=2
face=Arial> [amibroker] Re:
Image Copy Problem even when copied to Word.
Friends,<span
>
Similar problem comes-up if the copied image is
pasted into Microsoft
WORD. So I guess there is a bug in AmiBroker.
Are there any others
who have noticed that there is a bar at the bottom
of the copied
image copied using 'Edit->Image Copy' ?
Regards,
- Salil V Gangal
--- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,
Salil V Gangal <salil_gangal@x...>
wrote:
> Tomasz,
>
> I am copying chart image using 'Edit->Copy
As Image'.
>
> But I noticed that copied image gets a
black-band at the bottom.
Have you noticed
> anything like this ? Is this a bug
? BTW, I import the image into
XnView, and I'm
> not sure if this is AmiBroker issue or XnView
issue.
>
> Regards,
>
> - Salil V Gangal
>
>
> --- Tomasz Janeczko <amibroker@xxxx>
wrote:
> > Hello,
> >
> > A new beta version (4.38.0) of AmiBroker
has just been released.
> >
> > It is available for registered users
only from the members area
at:
> > <a
href="">http://www.amibroker.com/members/bin/ab4380beta.exe
> >
> > If you forgot your user name / password
to the members area
> > you can use automatic reminder service
at:
http://www.amibroker.com/login.html
> >
> > Short list of changes in this beta (read
change log in the "read
me" below for the
> > details)
> >
> > a.. send e-mails with charts directly
from AmiBroker: Edit->Image-
>Send by email
> > and File->Send chart via e-mail
> > a.. added export chart image to PNG
(portable network graphics)
file:
> > Edit->Image->Export to PNG file
> >
> > a.. new setting for candlestick
appearance: Tools->Preferences-
>Charting, "Use
> > distinct color for" : "None,
up candle hollow" - it plots entire
candle with one
> > color but leaves interior of UP candle
body hollow.
> >
> > a.. fixed positioning of arrows in image
copies (Edit->Image-
>Copy)
> >
> > a.. fixed crash occurring when printer
device context did not
support bit blit
> > copies. added very simple arrow line
drawing for that case (will
be improved in
> > future releases)
> >
> > a.. fixed bug in handling Null with new
constructs: if, while and
for.
> >
> > a.. numbers (floats) are now
automatically 'upsized' to arrays on
first use of
> > l-value array subscript operator without
causing error.
> > .
> >
> > Best regards,
> > Tomasz Janeczko
> > amibroker.com
> >
> > AmiBroker 4.38.0 Beta Read Me
> > May 20, 2003 1:11
> >
> > THIS IS AN EARLY BETA VERSION OF THE
SOFTWARE. EXPECT BUGS !!!
> >
> > AGAIN: THIS IS AN EARLY BETA VERSION OF
THE SOFTWARE. EXPECT
BUGS !!!
> >
> >
> > Backup your data files and entire
AmiBroker folder first!
> >
> > INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
> >
> > IMPORTANT: This archive is update-only.
You have to install full
version 4.30
> > first.
> >
> > Just run the installer and follow the
instructions.
> >
> > Then run AmiBroker. You should see
"AmiBroker 4.38.0 beta"
written in the About
> > box.
> >
> > See CHANGE LOG below for detailed list
of changes.
> >
> > HELP ON NEW FEATURES
> > USER-DEFINABLE FUNCTIONS, PROCEDURES,
LOCAL/GLOBAL VARIABLES
(4.34 or higher)
> >
> > Here is a sample code showing
user-defined function:
> >
> > // the following function is 2nd order
smoother
> >
> > function IIR2( input, f0, f1, f2 )
> > {
> > result[ 0 ] = input[ 0 ];
> > result[ 1 ] = input[ 1 ];
> >
> > for( i = 2; i < BarCount;
i++ )
> > {
> > result[ i ] = f0
* input[ i ] +
> > f1 * result[ i -
1 ] +
> > f2 * result[ i -
2 ];
> > }
> >
> > return result;
> > }
> >
> > Plot( Close, "Price",
colorBlack, styleCandle );
> > Plot( IIR2( Close, 0.2, 1.4, -0.6 ),
"function example",
colorRed );
> >
> >
> > In this code IIR2 is a user-defined
function. input, f0, f1, f2
are formal
> > parameters of the functions.
> > At the time of function call the values
of arguments are passed
in these
> > variables. Formal parameters behave like
local variables.
> > Later we have result and i which are
local variables. Local
variables are visible
> > inside function only. If any other
function uses the same
variable name they won't
> > interfere between each other.
> >
> > Due to the fact that AFL does not
require to declare variables
the decision
> > whenever given variable is treated as
local or global is taken
depends on where it
> > is FIRST USED.
> >
> > If given identifier appears first INSIDE
function definition -
then it is treated
> > as LOCAL variable.
> > If given identifier appears first
OUTSIDE function definition -
then it is treated
> > as GLOBAL variable.
> >
> > This default behaviour can be however
overriden using global and
local keywords
> > (introduced in 4.36) - see example 2.
> >
> > Example (commentary):
> >
> > k = 4; // this is GLOBAL variable
> >
> > function f( x )
> > {
> > z = 3; // this is LOCAL
variable
> > return z * x * k; // 'k'
here references global variable k
(first used above
> > outside function)
> > }
> >
> > z = 5; // this is GLOBAL variable with
the same name as local
variable in function
> > f
> >
> > "The value of z before function
call :" + WriteVal( z );
> >
> > // Now even if we call function
> > // the value of our global variable z
> > // is not affected by function call
because
> > // global variable z and local variable
z are separate and
> > // arguments are passed by value (not by
reference)
> >
> > "The result of f( z ) = " +
WriteVal( f( z ) );
> >
> > "The value of z after function call
is unchanged : " + WriteVal(
z );
> >
> >
> > Example 2: Using local and global
keywords to override default
visibility rules:
> >
> > VariableA = 5; // implict global
variable
> >
> > function Test()
> > {
> > local VariableA; // explicit
local variable with the same
identifier as global
> > global VariableB; // explicit
global variable not defined earlier
>
>
// may be used to return more than one value
from the function
> >
> > VariableA = 99;
> > VariableB = 333;
> > }
> >
> > VariableB = 1; // global variable
> >
> > "Before function call";
> > "VariableA = " + VariableA;
> > "VariableB = " + VariableB;
> >
> > Test();
> >
> > "After function call";
> > "VariableA = " + VariableA +
" (not affected by function call )";
> > "VariableB = " + VariableB +
" (affected by the function call )"
> >
> > At the end of the function we can see
'return' statement that is
used to return
> > the result to the caller. Note that
currently return statement
must be placed at
> > the very end of the function.
> >
> > It is also possible to write a procedure
(a function that returns
nothing (void))
> >
> > procedure SinePlotter( Freq, ColorIndex
)
> > {
> > pname =
"Line"+WriteVal(ColorIndex,1.0);
> > array = sin( Cum( Freq *
0.01 ) );
> > Plot( array, pname ,
colorRed + ColorIndex, styleThick );
> > }
> >
> > for( n = 1; n < 10; n++ )
> > {
> > SinePlotter( n/2+Cum(0.01),
n );
> > }
> >
> > Note that although there are two
separate keywords 'function'
and 'procedure'
> > AmiBroker currently treats them the same
(they both accept return
values but not
> > require them), but in the future the
rules maight get enforced to
use
> > return statement ONLY in conjunction
with function keyword. So it
is advised to
> > use function keyword in case when your
function returns any value
and procedure
> > keyword otherwise.
> >
> > Note also that recursion (having a
function call itself from
within itself) is NOT
> > supported as for now.
> >
> >
> > FLOW CONTROL AND LOOPING (4.31 or
higher)
> >
> > do-while Statement
> >
> > The do-while statement lets you repeat a
statement or compound
statement until a
> > specified expression becomes false.
> >
> > Syntax
> >
> > do statement while ( expression ) ;
> >
> > The expression in a do-while statement
is evaluated after the
body of the loop is
> > executed. Therefore, the body of the
loop is always executed at
least once.
> >
> > The expression must have numeric or
boolean type. Execution
proceeds as follows:
> >
> > 1.. The statement body is
executed.
> >
> >
> > 2.. Next, expression is
evaluated. If expression is false, the
do-while
> > statement terminates and control passes
to the next statement in
the program. If
> > expression is true (nonzero), the
process is repeated, beginning
with step 1.
> > This is an example of the do-while
statement:
> >
> > x=100;
> > do
> > {
> > y = sin( x );
> > x--;
> > } while ( x > 0 );
> > In this do-while statement, the two
statements y = sin( x ); and
x--; are
> > executed, regardless of the initial
value of x. Then x > 0 is
evaluated. If x is
> > greater than 0, the statement body is
executed again and x > 0 is
reevaluated. The
> > statement body is executed repeatedly as
long as x remains
greater than 0.
> > Execution of the do-while statement
terminates when x becomes 0
or negative. The
> > body of the loop is executed at least
once.
> >
> >
> > while Statement
> > The while statement lets you repeat a
statement until a specified
expression
> > becomes false.
> >
> > Syntax
> >
> > while ( expression ) statement
> >
> > The expression must have arithmetic
(numeric/boolean) type.
Execution proceeds as
> > follows:
> >
> > 1.. The expression is
evaluated.
> >
> >
> > 2.. If expression is initially
false, the body of the while
statement is never
> > executed, and control passes from the
while statement to the next
statement in the
> > program.
> > If expression is true
(nonzero), the body of the statement is
executed and the
> > process is repeated beginning at step 1.
> >
> > This is an example of the while
statement:
> >
> > i = 10;while( i < 20 ){ Plot(
MA( Close, i ), "MA" + WriteVal(
i, 0 ), colorBlack
> > + i ); i = i + 1;}The example
plots 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16,
17, 18, 19 - bar
> > moving averages.
> >
> >
> > for Statement
> >
> > The for statement lets you repeat a
statement or compound
statement a specified
> > number of times. The body of a for
statement is executed zero or
more times until
> > an optional condition becomes
false.
> >
> > Syntax
> >
> > for ( init-expression ; cond-expression
; loop-expression )
statement
> >
> > Execution of a for statement proceeds as
follows:
> >
> > 1.. The init-expression, is
evaluated. This specifies the
initialization for the
> > loop. There is no restriction on the
type of init-expression.
> >
> >
> > 2.. The
cond-expression, is evaluated. This expression must
have arithmetic
> > type. It is evaluated before each
iteration. Three results are
possible:
> > a.. If
cond-expression is true (nonzero), statement is
executed; then
> > loop-expression, if any, is evaluated.
The loop-expression is
evaluated after each
> > iteration. There is no restriction on
its type. Side effects will
execute in
> > order. The process then begins again
with the evaluation of cond-
expression.
> >
> >
> > b.. If
cond-expression is false (0), execution of the for
statement terminates
> > and control passes to the next statement
in the program.
> > This example illustrates the for
statement:
> >
> > myema[ 0 ] = Close[ 0 ];for( i =
1; i < BarCount; i++ ){ myema
[ i ] = 0.1 *
> > Close[ i ] + 0.9 * myema[ i - 1 ];}This
example iterates all bars
of close array
> > to calculate exponential moving
averageif, else Statements
> > if( expression )
> > statement1
> > [else
> > statement2]
> >
> > The if keyword executes statement1 if
expression is true
(nonzero); if else is
> > present and expression is false (zero),
it executes statement2.
After executing
> > statement1 or statement2, control passes
to the next statement.
> >
> > Example 1
> >
> > if ( i > 0 )
> > y = x / i;
> > else
> > {
> > x = i;
> > y = abs( x );
> > }In this example, the statement y = x/i;
is executed if i is
greater than 0. If i
> > is less than or equal to 0, i is
assigned to x and abs( x ) is
assigned to y. Note
> > that the statement forming the if clause
ends with a semicolon.
> >
> > When nesting if statements and else
clauses, use braces to group
the statements
> > and clauses into compound statements
that clarify your intent. If
no braces are
> > present, the compiler resolves
ambiguities by associating each
else with the
> > closest if that lacks an else.
> >
> > Example 2
> >
> > if ( i > 0 )
/* Without braces */
> > if ( j > i )
>
> x = j;
> > else
>
> x = i;The else clause is
associated with the inner if
statement in this
> > example. If i is less than or equal to
0, no value is assigned to
x.
> >
> > Example 3
> >
> > if ( i > 0 )
> >
{
/* With braces */
> > if ( j > i )
>
> x = j;
> > }
> > else
> > x = i;The braces
surrounding the inner if statement in this
example make the
> > else clause part of the outer if statement.
If i is less than or
equal to 0, i is
> > assigned to x.
> >
> > CHANGE LOG
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.38.0 (as compared
to 4.37.0)
> >
> > a.. new setting for
candlestick appearance:
> >
Tools->Preferences->Charting
> > "Use distinct color
for" : "None, up candle hollow" -
> > it plots entire candle with
one color but leaves interior of UP
candle body
> > hollow.
> >
> >
> > b.. added export chart image
to PNG (portable network graphics)
file
> > Edit->Image->Export to
PNG file
> > (Please don't ask me to add
GIF support. GIF is patented and
requires $3500
> > license fee for Unisys. PNG is free,
supported by all browsers,
smaller and better
> > )
> >
> >
> > c.. added 'send chart by
e-mail' feature
> > Edit->Image->Send by
email
> > and
> > File->Send chart via
e-mail
> >
> >
> > d.. fixed positioning of
arrows in image copies (Edit->Image-
>Copy)
> >
> > e.. fixed crash occurring
when printer device context did not
support bit blit
> > copies. added very simple arrow line
drawing for that case (will
be improved in
> > future releases)
> >
> > f.. fixed bug in handling
Null with new constructs: if, while
and for.
> > In pre-4.38 versions Null
used in if, while for was treated as
True, which was
> > wrong
> > if( Null )
_TRACE("WRONG");
> > else
_TRACE("CORRECT");
> > Now Null in if, while, for
is treated as False.
> > g.. numbers (floats) are now
automatically 'upsized' to arrays
on first use of
> > l-value array subscript operator without
causing error.
> > Also r-value subscript can
be applied to numbers and return the
number itself
> > without causing error, but the
underlying variable remains just a
single number.
> >
> > This allows to easily
intialize arrays to any value without
need to write loops.
> >
> > Example 1:
> > in previous versions you
would need to write:
> >
> > for( i = 0; i < BarCount;
i++ ) myarray[ i ] = 0 ; // fill with
zeros
> > myarray[ 5 ] = 6; // write
value to 5th element of the array
> >
> > now you can write simply:
> >
> > myarray = 3; // initialize,
at this moment myarray is just a
number
> > myarray[ 5 ] = 6; // write
value to 5th element of the array,
the variable is
> > automatically
> > // upsized to array and all
elements are filled with a numeric
value
> > // that was originally
placed in myarray variable
> >
> > /* myarray is holds now the
array filled with values of 3
except element 5 that
> > has value of 6 */
> >
> > mynumber = 5;
> > test = mynumber[ 7 ]; //
previous versions would give an error
message here
> > // now subscript operator
for r-value numeric variable
> > // is allowed and returns
just the number
> > // and variable is not upsized
to array unless appears on left
side
> > // of assignment (l-value)
> > /* mynumber variable here is
still a number */
> > WriteVal( test );
> >
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.37.0 (as compared
to 4.36.0)
> >
> > a.. printing improved, now
all open indicator panes are printed
and resolution
> > is increased
> > b.. Edit->Copy As Image
and Edit->Copy As Metafile now generate
an image
> > consisting of all indicator panes (not
just one)
> > c.. fixed problem with
non-resetting sort arrows in AA window
> > d.. fixed sometimes occuring
crash Signal() function
> > e.. increased size of error
message text buffer to prevent
overflow when
> > reporting syntax errors in formulas
having long unwrapped lines.
> > f.. grid lines are drawn
with fine dots instead of small dashes
(screen output
> > only)
> > g.. new AFL functions:
> > GetCategorySymbols(
category, index )
> > - retrieves comma-separated
list of symbols belonging to given
category
> >
> > supported categories:
> > categoryMarket categoryGroup
categorySector categoryIndustry
categoryWatchlist
> > categoryFavorite
categoryIndex
> >
> > index =
(market/group/industry/sector/watchlist number)
> > 0..255 for categoryMarket,
categoryGroup, categoryIndustry
> > 0..63 for categorySector,
categoryWatchlist
> > ignored for
categoryFavorite, categoryIndex
> >
> > StrExtract( list, item )
> > - extracts given item
(zero-based) from comma-separated string.
> >
> > Example:
> > StrExtract(
"MSFT,AAPL,AMD,INTC", 2 )
> > will return AMD
> >
> > StrExtract(
"MSFT,AAPL,AMD,INTC", 0 )
> > will return MSFT
> >
> > StrExtract(
"MSFT,AAPL,AMD,INTC", 200 )
> > will return empty string
""
> >
> > + other minor fixes
> >
> > Example code for
GetCategorySymbols and StrExtract:
> >
> > /* note: if given watch list
contains lots of symbols
> > ** performance may be poor
> > */
> > function
CreateAverageForWatchList( listnum )
> > {
> > // retrive
comma-separated list of symbols in watch list
> > list =
GetCategorySymbols( categoryWatchlist, listnum );
> >
> > Average = 0; // just
in case there are no watch list members
> >
> > for( i = 0; ( sym =
StrExtract( list, i ) ) != ""; i++ )
> > {
> > f =
Foreign( sym, "C" );
> > if( i == 0
) Average = f;
> > else
Average = Average + f;
> > }
> >
> > return Average / i; //
divide by number of components
> > }
> >
> > Plot(
CreateAverageForWatchList( 1 ), "Avg of WL 1",
colorGreen );
> >
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.36.0 (as compared
to 4.35.0)
> >
> > a.. fixed problem with
affecting 2 or more identifiers
referencing the same
> > array when using l-value subscript
operator []. Thanks Herman for
pointing this
> > out
> > b.. global and local
keywords - for explicit visibility/scope
declarations
> > Allow to override default
scope rules that assume that
variables defined outside
> > function are global, while those
identifiers that appear for the
first time inside
> > functions are local.
> >
> > Syntax:
> >
> > local var1 [, var2, ... ] ;
> > global var1 [, var2, ... ] ;
> >
> > (as you can see you can
declare more than one variable in one
line.
> >
> > Note: using these keywords
outside function definition has no
meaning
> > (global scope is used).
> >
> > Example:
> >
> > VariableA = 5; // implict
global variable
> >
> > function Test()
> > {
> > local VariableA;
// explicit local variable with the same
identifier as global
> >
> > global VariableB; //
explicit global variable not defined
earlier
>
>
// may be used to return more than one value
from the
> > function
> >
> > VariableA = 99;
> > VariableB = 333;
> > }
> >
> > VariableB = 1; // global
variable
> >
> > "Before function
call";
> > "VariableA = " +
VariableA;
> > "VariableB = " +
VariableB;
> >
> > Test();
> >
> > "After function
call";
> > "VariableA = " +
VariableA + " (not affected by function
call )";
> > "VariableB = " +
VariableB + " (affected by the function
call )";
> >
> > c.. syntax highligting
modified so keywords: #include, if,
else, while, do,
> > function, procedure, global, local,
return are colorised
differently than built-in
> > constants or functions. Corresponding
color/style setting added to
> > Preferences->Editor
> >
> >
> > d.. #pragma nocache
> > pre-processor command added
to switch off #include file caching
mechanism.
> > Note: between '#pragma' and
'nocache' there must be exactly
SINGLE space
> > Note 2: disabling caching
may slow down execution of the
formula (especially
> > in indicators)
> > Note 3: #pragma nocache must
be placed before #includes
> >
> > Example:
> > #pragma nocache
> > #include <myfile.afl>
> >
> > a.. single line comments now
work with #includes (and #pragma
too) so you can
> > comment out include in regular way:
> > //#include <something>
- will not include
> >
> >
> > b.. changed error message
from "unknown identifier"
to "Variable 'name' used
> > without having been initialized."
which better decribes the
problem.
> >
> > For example:
> >
> > function Test( )
> > {
> > global x;
> > x = 3;
> > }
> >
> > WriteVal( x ); // variable
used without having been initialized,
> > // although declared inside
Test() function body
> >
> >
> > Test( ); // during function
call the value of 3 is assigned to
variable x
> >
> > WriteVal( x ); // and now no
error is reported
> >
> > a.. implemented shortcut
evaluation of logical operators
> > The operands of logical-AND
and logical-OR expressions are
evaluated from left
> > to right. Now if the value of the first
operand is sufficient to
determine the
> > result of the operation, the second
operand is not evaluated.
This is called
> > "short-circuit evaluation."
> >
> > The left operand of the
logical-AND operator is completely
evaluated and all
> > side effects complete before continuing.
If the left operand
evaluates to false
> > (0), the other operand is not evaluated.
> >
> > The left operand of the
logical-OR operator is completely
evaluated
> > and all side effects
complete before continuing.
> > If the left operand
evaluates to true (nonzero), the other
operand is not
> > evaluated.
> >
> > (The above description
applies to operands that evaluate to
single boolean
> > value,
> > it does not apply to arrays.
Operands that evaluate to arrays
are evaluated
> > always )
> >
> > Example:
> > for( i = -3; i < BarCount;
i++ )
> > {
> > // using old versions
of AMiBroker you would get subscipt out
of range
> > // but now
> > // the second operand
(C[ i ] > C[ i - 1 ]) is evaluated
> > // ONLY if first
operand ( i >= 1 ) evaluates to TRUE
> >
> > if( i >= 1
&& C[ i ] > C[ i - 1 ] )
> > {
>
> _TRACE("TEST " +
i);
> > }
> > }
> >
> >
> >
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.35.0 (as compared
to 4.34.2)
> >
> > a.. do-while loop
implemented:
> > Syntax:
> >
> > do statement while (
expression ) ;
> >
> > The expression in a do-while
statement is evaluated after the
body of the loop
> > is executed.
> > Therefore, the body of the
loop is always executed at least
once.
> >
> > Example:
> >
> > i=0;
> > do
> > {
> > i++;
> > }
> > while( i < 100 );
> > WriteVal( i );
> >
> >
> > b.. it is now allowed to
'add' (or rather concatenate) string
to a number /
> > array. This saves quite a bit of typing.
This works as in
JScript. The left-hand
> > operand of '+' has to be a string. The
right-hand operand may be
string, number or
> > array. Numbers are coerced to strings
using %g sprintf formatting
(prints out
> > decimal point only when necessary) and
then concatenated. In case
of arrays
> > SELECTED VALUE is coerced to string and
then concatenated.
> >
> > So now instead of
> >
> > i = 100;
> > "Value is " +
WriteVal( i );
> > "Close : " +
WriteVal( Close ) + ", Open : " + WriteVal( Open )
+ ", High : " +
> > WriteVal( High );
> >
> > you can write:
> >
> > i = 100;
> > "Value is " + i;
> > "Close : " + Close
+ ", Open : " + Open + ", High : " + High;
> >
> > Note that
> >
> > "Test " + 100 + 1;
> >
> > will give you "Test
1001" because statements are parsed from
left to right.
> > "Test " is added
first to "100" giving "Test 100" and then
to "1" giving
> > "Test 1001". If
you want to perform numeric adding first please
use braces:
> >
> > "Test " + ( 100 +
1 );
> > - this will give you
"Test 101"
> >
> >
> > c.. additional tweaks in AFL
engine & garbage collection,
futher speed up of
> > execution of very long loops
> >
> > d.. more error checking in
AFL engine - will report using
uninitialized
> > variables that were accepted silently in
4.31.x - 4.34.x
> > e.. #include now accepts new
way of specifying file names to
include:
> >
> > #include
<filename.afl>
> >
> > (note < > braces
instead of " " ) if you specify the file name
this way
> > AmiBroker will look for
> > the file in "standard
include path" that is definable using new
prefs setting in
> > Tools->Preferences->AFL
> > It makes much shorter to
write includes and you can move
include folder now
> > without changing all AFL codes using
#includes.
> >
> > For example if you have set
standard include path
to "C:\AFL\MyIncludes" and
> > write in your formula:
> >
> > #include <common.afl>
> >
> > AmiBroker will look for
C:\AFL\MyIncludes\common.afl file
> >
> > Also now #include reports
file(s) not found in regular error
message box.
> >
> >
> > f.. IIf/Min/Max are now
overloaded functions (have two variants
each)
> > IIF( Condition_ARRAY,
True_Array, False_Array ) (old one)
> > IIF( BoolValue, TrueValue,
FalseValue )
> >
> > Min( array1, array2 ) (old one)
> > Min( number1, number2 )
> >
> > Max( array1, array2 ) (old
one)
> > Max( number1, number2 )
> >
> > The second one is choosen
when all arguments are numbers and it
is much much
> > faster and returns number so LastValue()
call is not neccessary
anymore.
> >
> > Example:
> >
> > // much faster and does not
require LastValue()
> > period = IIF( name() ==
"MSFT", 5, 10 );
> > result = Min( 7, 3 );
> > // (result is still a number
not array as in previous versions)
> >
> >
> > g.. added 'endless loop
detection threshold' setting to
Preferences "AFL" tab.
> > Recommended value 100000 or higher.
> >
> > h.. fixed parameter counting
in CallFunction plugin callback in
case of
> > overloaded functions
> > i.. fixed problem with
premature freeing of arrays passed in
default parameters
> > fields (causing for example problem with
color exploration
output - introduced in
> > 4.32)
> >
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.34.2 (as compared
to 4.34.0)
> >
> > a.. improved crash recovery
dialog to include AFL engine state
information and
> > (in some cases) the source line of the
formula that causes an
exception
> > b.. added ability to catch
all exceptions in indicators and
commentaries
> > (switchabel via Tools->Preferences->AFL,
"catch system
exceptions...", ON by
> > default) - allows you to continue to
work even in case of serious
problem
> > c.. loop break by
Shift+BREAK is now more sensitive
> > d.. now you can control how
often Shift+BREAK key is checked
during formula
> > execution
(Tools->Preferences->AFL, "check SHIFT+Break every"
(1..100, default =
> > 50) (note that specifying low values may
degrade performance
slightly)
> > e.. tweaked AFL memory
allocator hash tables to get more speed
for large looping
> > formulas
> > f.. although I never
reproduced this problem I made some
changes so 'TAB' key
> > should not wipe the contents of AFL
editor anymore
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.34.0 (as compared
to 4.33.0)
> >
> > a.. user-definable functions
and procedures with parameters and
local variables
> >
> > b.. 'A' is NO LONGER
predefined symbol. I decided to remove it
because people
> > tend to use A as user-variable
forgetting the fact that it was
build-in array
> > holding typical price (H+L+C)/3. Use
'Avg' instead.
> >
> > c.. indicator list column
width increased in Indicator Builder
> > d.. DayOfYear - returns the
calendar day number counting from
beginning of the
> > year January 1st is 1. Maximum number returned
is 366
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.33.0 (as compared
to 4.32.2)
> >
> > a.. Database purify tool
implemented (available via Tools-
>Database Purify)
> > allows to detect
missing/extra quotes, possible splits, invalid
OHLC
> > relationship
> >
> > Apply to/range settings
similar to AA window. You can also
right click over
> > result list to add symbols to watch list
and copy the list to the
clipboard (and
> > paste it later to any other program for
futher use)
> >
> >
> > b.. further improvements to
AFL garbage collector, now looping
regardless of
> > loop count requires the same amount of
memory as just single pass
of the code (no
> > growing allocated memory during loops).
> > This enormously lowered
memory consumption for some formulas
and increased the
> > speed of some loops 3..4 times.
> >
> >
> > c.. added variable period
support to the following functions:
> > LinRegSlope,
> > LinearReg,
> > LinRegIntercept,
> > StdErr,
> > TSF
> > Sample code:
> >
> > Plot( Close,
"Test", colorBlack );
> >
> > range = 15 * MA( ATR( 15 ),
50 ) / ATR( 15 );
> >
> > //Plot( range,
"range", colorBlue, styleOwnScale );
> > Plot( LinearReg( Close,
range ), "Test", colorRed );
> >
> > d.. fixed sometimes
incorrect output of variable-period version
of LLV/HHV
> >
> > e.. fixed crash occuring
when bad arguments were passed to the
function (bug
> > introduced in 4.32.x).
> >
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.32.2 (as compared
to 4.32.1)
> >
> > a.. second bug in
experimental garbage collector fixed.
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.32.1 (as compared
to 4.32.0)
> >
> > a.. garbage collector was
releasing memory too soon in some
cases, now fixed.
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.32.0 (as compared
to 4.31.1)
> >
> > a.. added type check in
IF/ELSE statements
> > b.. added type check in
array element assignment
> > c.. error messages now
numbered and display changed slightly
> > d.. you can break running
loop by pressing Shift+BREAK (Pause)
key combination
> > e.. calling COM objects
works again (was broken in 4.31.x)
> > f.. changed slightly the way
TAB works in editor, if TAB is
pressed any
> > selection is deselected to avoid
accidential deletion of text
> > g.. experimental: added
'agressive garbage collector' that
extremely decreases
> > the amount
> > of memory required to run
AFL formula by releasing the memory
> > used for temporary variables
as soon as possible (previously
> > temporary memory was
released at the end of formula execution).
> > A side-effect of new garbage
collector is some speed up in
formula execution.
> > h.. new tab in preferences
for AFL engine settings
> > i.. experimental feature,
NOT for beginners, may be
removed/modified in future
> > releases:
> > new _TRACE(
"string" ) AFL function added
> > that allows to write debug
messages from AFL code to system
debug viewer.
> > (it calls internally
OutputDebugString Win API function).
> > To view debug messages you
have to run DebugView freeware
program
> > from <a
href="">http://www.sysinternals.com/
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.31.1 (as compared
to 4.31.0)
> >
> > a.. fixed bug introduced in
4.31.0 causing no text output in
> > commentary/interpretation
> > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.31.0 (as compared
to 4.30.0)
> >
> > a.. Workspace window uses
"icon font" set in the Windows
settings instead of
> > hard coded Tahoma 8
> > b.. for better readability
and ClearType(tm) compatibility on
WinXP, all dialog
> > windows use now 'MS Shell Dlg' face name
that maps to standard MS
Sans Serif on
> > Win 9x/Me/NT and Tahoma on Win 2K and
XP.
> > c.. rewritten AFL parser,
now formula is parsed and coverted to
syntax tree and
> > then interpreted. This would allow
further improvements including
compilation.
> > This allowed also to add loops/if-else
statements.
> > d.. implemented IF/ELSE
statement, WHILE and FOR loops:
> > The same basic 'for' loop in
AFL is 2..3 times faster than in
JScript
> > Syntax follows C++/JScript
style:
> > while(
conditional_expression ) statement;
> >
> > for( initializer_part;
conditional_expression; iterator_part )
statement;
> >
> > if( conditional_expression )
statement;
> >
> > if( conditional_expression )
> > statement;
> > else
> > statement;
> >
> > e.. implemented compound
statements: these are blocks of
statements enclosed
> > in opening and closing curly
brace
> >
> > {
> > statement1;
> > statement2;
> > ...
> > statementN;
> > }
> >
> > compound statement can
appear anywhere when simple statement
can.
> >
> > For example:
> >
> > i = 10;
> > while( i < 20 )
> > {
> > Plot( MA( Close, i ),
"MA" + WriteVal( i, 0 ), colorBlack + i );
> > i = i + 1;
> > }
> >
> > f.. implemented C-style
postfix and prefix increment/decrement
operators
> >
> > i = 10;
> > WriteIf( i++ );
> > WriteIf( ++i );
> > WriteIf( i );
> >
> > g.. implemented array
element access (subscript) operator []:
> >
> > WriteVal( Close[ 0 ] ); //
prints the first bar of close array
> >
> > /* a sample low-level
implementation of exponential moving
average in AFL */
> >
> > myema[ 0 ] = Close[ 0 ];
> >
> > for( i = 1; i < BarCount;
i++ )
> > {
> > myema[ i ] = 0.1 * Close[ i
] + 0.9 * myema[ i - 1 ];
> > }
> >
> >
> >
> > h.. added built-in constant
'BarCount' that returns number of
bars available in
> > arrays (the number of elements of array)
> > When QuickAFL is turned on
it may be less than true number of
bars because
> > QuickAFL feature attempts to use only
visible bars (and few
before). You can
> > control how many bars the formula
requires using SetBarsRequired
() function
> >
> > i.. implemented
infinite-loop protection. Nice if you forgot to
increment
> > counter variable in 'for' loop :-)
> >
> > j.. tab key now works
without need to press ALT/CTRL in AFL
editors
> >
> > k.. added C-like synonyms
for logical ADD/OR/NOT: &&, ||, !
> >
> >
> > /* a sample low-level
implementation of Profit-target stop in
AFL: */
> >
> > Buy = Cross( MACD(),
Signal() );
> >
> > priceatbuy=0;
> >
> > for( i = 0; i < BarCount;
i++ )
> > {
>
> if( priceatbuy == 0 &&
Buy[ i ] )
>
> priceatbuy = BuyPrice[ i ];
> >
>
> if( priceatbuy > 0 &&
SellPrice[ i ] > 1.1 * priceatbuy )
>
> {
>
> Sell[ i ] = 1;
>
> SellPrice[ i ] = 1.1
* priceatbuy;
>
> priceatbuy = 0;
>
> }
> >
else
>
> Sell[ i ] = 0;
> > }
> >
> > /* sample EMA rainbow */
> >
> > Plot( Close,
"Price", colorBlack, styleCandle );
> > for( Range = 15; Range <
100; Range++ )
> > Plot( EMA(
Close, Range ), "MA"+WriteVal(Range,0), colorRose
+ Range % 8,
> > styleNoLabel );
> >
> >
> > HOW TO REPORT BUGS
> >
> > If you experience any problem with this
beta version please send
detailed
> > description of the problem (especially
the steps needed to
reproduce it) to
> > bugs@xxxx
> >
>
>
> __________________________________
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