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Salil,
This is by design.
The bottom bar in the image copy is left to make a space for
"Created with AmiBroker" text.
Best regards,
Tomasz Janeczko
amibroker.com
----- Original Message -----
From: "salil_gangal" <salil_gangal@xxxxxxxxx>
To: <amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Sent: Thursday, May 22, 2003 6:00 PM
Subject: [amibroker] Re: Image Copy Problem even when copied to Word.
> Friends,
>
> Similar problem comes-up if the copied image is pasted into Microsoft
> WORD. So I guess there is a bug in AmiBroker. Are there any others
> who have noticed that there is a bar at the bottom of the copied
> image copied using 'Edit->Image Copy' ?
>
> Regards,
>
> - Salil V Gangal
>
>
> --- In amibroker@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, Salil V Gangal <salil_gangal@xxxx>
> wrote:
> > Tomasz,
> >
> > I am copying chart image using 'Edit->Copy As Image'.
> >
> > But I noticed that copied image gets a black-band at the bottom.
> Have you noticed
> > anything like this ? Is this a bug ? BTW, I import the image into
> XnView, and I'm
> > not sure if this is AmiBroker issue or XnView issue.
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > - Salil V Gangal
> >
> >
> > --- Tomasz Janeczko <amibroker@xxxx> wrote:
> > > Hello,
> > >
> > > A new beta version (4.38.0) of AmiBroker has just been released.
> > >
> > > It is available for registered users only from the members area
> at:
> > > http://www.amibroker.com/members/bin/ab4380beta.exe
> > >
> > > If you forgot your user name / password to the members area
> > > you can use automatic reminder service at:
> http://www.amibroker.com/login.html
> > >
> > > Short list of changes in this beta (read change log in the "read
> me" below for the
> > > details)
> > >
> > > a.. send e-mails with charts directly from AmiBroker: Edit->Image-
> >Send by email
> > > and File->Send chart via e-mail
> > > a.. added export chart image to PNG (portable network graphics)
> file:
> > > Edit->Image->Export to PNG file
> > >
> > > a.. new setting for candlestick appearance: Tools->Preferences-
> >Charting, "Use
> > > distinct color for" : "None, up candle hollow" - it plots entire
> candle with one
> > > color but leaves interior of UP candle body hollow.
> > >
> > > a.. fixed positioning of arrows in image copies (Edit->Image-
> >Copy)
> > >
> > > a.. fixed crash occurring when printer device context did not
> support bit blit
> > > copies. added very simple arrow line drawing for that case (will
> be improved in
> > > future releases)
> > >
> > > a.. fixed bug in handling Null with new constructs: if, while and
> for.
> > >
> > > a.. numbers (floats) are now automatically 'upsized' to arrays on
> first use of
> > > l-value array subscript operator without causing error.
> > > .
> > >
> > > Best regards,
> > > Tomasz Janeczko
> > > amibroker.com
> > >
> > > AmiBroker 4.38.0 Beta Read Me
> > > May 20, 2003 1:11
> > >
> > > THIS IS AN EARLY BETA VERSION OF THE SOFTWARE. EXPECT BUGS !!!
> > >
> > > AGAIN: THIS IS AN EARLY BETA VERSION OF THE SOFTWARE. EXPECT
> BUGS !!!
> > >
> > >
> > > Backup your data files and entire AmiBroker folder first!
> > >
> > > INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
> > >
> > > IMPORTANT: This archive is update-only. You have to install full
> version 4.30
> > > first.
> > >
> > > Just run the installer and follow the instructions.
> > >
> > > Then run AmiBroker. You should see "AmiBroker 4.38.0 beta"
> written in the About
> > > box.
> > >
> > > See CHANGE LOG below for detailed list of changes.
> > >
> > > HELP ON NEW FEATURES
> > > USER-DEFINABLE FUNCTIONS, PROCEDURES, LOCAL/GLOBAL VARIABLES
> (4.34 or higher)
> > >
> > > Here is a sample code showing user-defined function:
> > >
> > > // the following function is 2nd order smoother
> > >
> > > function IIR2( input, f0, f1, f2 )
> > > {
> > > result[ 0 ] = input[ 0 ];
> > > result[ 1 ] = input[ 1 ];
> > >
> > > for( i = 2; i < BarCount; i++ )
> > > {
> > > result[ i ] = f0 * input[ i ] +
> > > f1 * result[ i - 1 ] +
> > > f2 * result[ i - 2 ];
> > > }
> > >
> > > return result;
> > > }
> > >
> > > Plot( Close, "Price", colorBlack, styleCandle );
> > > Plot( IIR2( Close, 0.2, 1.4, -0.6 ), "function example",
> colorRed );
> > >
> > >
> > > In this code IIR2 is a user-defined function. input, f0, f1, f2
> are formal
> > > parameters of the functions.
> > > At the time of function call the values of arguments are passed
> in these
> > > variables. Formal parameters behave like local variables.
> > > Later we have result and i which are local variables. Local
> variables are visible
> > > inside function only. If any other function uses the same
> variable name they won't
> > > interfere between each other.
> > >
> > > Due to the fact that AFL does not require to declare variables
> the decision
> > > whenever given variable is treated as local or global is taken
> depends on where it
> > > is FIRST USED.
> > >
> > > If given identifier appears first INSIDE function definition -
> then it is treated
> > > as LOCAL variable.
> > > If given identifier appears first OUTSIDE function definition -
> then it is treated
> > > as GLOBAL variable.
> > >
> > > This default behaviour can be however overriden using global and
> local keywords
> > > (introduced in 4.36) - see example 2.
> > >
> > > Example (commentary):
> > >
> > > k = 4; // this is GLOBAL variable
> > >
> > > function f( x )
> > > {
> > > z = 3; // this is LOCAL variable
> > > return z * x * k; // 'k' here references global variable k
> (first used above
> > > outside function)
> > > }
> > >
> > > z = 5; // this is GLOBAL variable with the same name as local
> variable in function
> > > f
> > >
> > > "The value of z before function call :" + WriteVal( z );
> > >
> > > // Now even if we call function
> > > // the value of our global variable z
> > > // is not affected by function call because
> > > // global variable z and local variable z are separate and
> > > // arguments are passed by value (not by reference)
> > >
> > > "The result of f( z ) = " + WriteVal( f( z ) );
> > >
> > > "The value of z after function call is unchanged : " + WriteVal(
> z );
> > >
> > >
> > > Example 2: Using local and global keywords to override default
> visibility rules:
> > >
> > > VariableA = 5; // implict global variable
> > >
> > > function Test()
> > > {
> > > local VariableA; // explicit local variable with the same
> identifier as global
> > > global VariableB; // explicit global variable not defined earlier
> > > // may be used to return more than one value
> from the function
> > >
> > > VariableA = 99;
> > > VariableB = 333;
> > > }
> > >
> > > VariableB = 1; // global variable
> > >
> > > "Before function call";
> > > "VariableA = " + VariableA;
> > > "VariableB = " + VariableB;
> > >
> > > Test();
> > >
> > > "After function call";
> > > "VariableA = " + VariableA + " (not affected by function call )";
> > > "VariableB = " + VariableB + " (affected by the function call )"
> > >
> > > At the end of the function we can see 'return' statement that is
> used to return
> > > the result to the caller. Note that currently return statement
> must be placed at
> > > the very end of the function.
> > >
> > > It is also possible to write a procedure (a function that returns
> nothing (void))
> > >
> > > procedure SinePlotter( Freq, ColorIndex )
> > > {
> > > pname = "Line"+WriteVal(ColorIndex,1.0);
> > > array = sin( Cum( Freq * 0.01 ) );
> > > Plot( array, pname , colorRed + ColorIndex, styleThick );
> > > }
> > >
> > > for( n = 1; n < 10; n++ )
> > > {
> > > SinePlotter( n/2+Cum(0.01), n );
> > > }
> > >
> > > Note that although there are two separate keywords 'function'
> and 'procedure'
> > > AmiBroker currently treats them the same (they both accept return
> values but not
> > > require them), but in the future the rules maight get enforced to
> use
> > > return statement ONLY in conjunction with function keyword. So it
> is advised to
> > > use function keyword in case when your function returns any value
> and procedure
> > > keyword otherwise.
> > >
> > > Note also that recursion (having a function call itself from
> within itself) is NOT
> > > supported as for now.
> > >
> > >
> > > FLOW CONTROL AND LOOPING (4.31 or higher)
> > >
> > > do-while Statement
> > >
> > > The do-while statement lets you repeat a statement or compound
> statement until a
> > > specified expression becomes false.
> > >
> > > Syntax
> > >
> > > do statement while ( expression ) ;
> > >
> > > The expression in a do-while statement is evaluated after the
> body of the loop is
> > > executed. Therefore, the body of the loop is always executed at
> least once.
> > >
> > > The expression must have numeric or boolean type. Execution
> proceeds as follows:
> > >
> > > 1.. The statement body is executed.
> > >
> > >
> > > 2.. Next, expression is evaluated. If expression is false, the
> do-while
> > > statement terminates and control passes to the next statement in
> the program. If
> > > expression is true (nonzero), the process is repeated, beginning
> with step 1.
> > > This is an example of the do-while statement:
> > >
> > > x=100;
> > > do
> > > {
> > > y = sin( x );
> > > x--;
> > > } while ( x > 0 );
> > > In this do-while statement, the two statements y = sin( x ); and
> x--; are
> > > executed, regardless of the initial value of x. Then x > 0 is
> evaluated. If x is
> > > greater than 0, the statement body is executed again and x > 0 is
> reevaluated. The
> > > statement body is executed repeatedly as long as x remains
> greater than 0.
> > > Execution of the do-while statement terminates when x becomes 0
> or negative. The
> > > body of the loop is executed at least once.
> > >
> > >
> > > while Statement
> > > The while statement lets you repeat a statement until a specified
> expression
> > > becomes false.
> > >
> > > Syntax
> > >
> > > while ( expression ) statement
> > >
> > > The expression must have arithmetic (numeric/boolean) type.
> Execution proceeds as
> > > follows:
> > >
> > > 1.. The expression is evaluated.
> > >
> > >
> > > 2.. If expression is initially false, the body of the while
> statement is never
> > > executed, and control passes from the while statement to the next
> statement in the
> > > program.
> > > If expression is true (nonzero), the body of the statement is
> executed and the
> > > process is repeated beginning at step 1.
> > >
> > > This is an example of the while statement:
> > >
> > > i = 10;while( i < 20 ){ Plot( MA( Close, i ), "MA" + WriteVal(
> i, 0 ), colorBlack
> > > + i ); i = i + 1;}The example plots 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16,
> 17, 18, 19 - bar
> > > moving averages.
> > >
> > >
> > > for Statement
> > >
> > > The for statement lets you repeat a statement or compound
> statement a specified
> > > number of times. The body of a for statement is executed zero or
> more times until
> > > an optional condition becomes false.
> > >
> > > Syntax
> > >
> > > for ( init-expression ; cond-expression ; loop-expression )
> statement
> > >
> > > Execution of a for statement proceeds as follows:
> > >
> > > 1.. The init-expression, is evaluated. This specifies the
> initialization for the
> > > loop. There is no restriction on the type of init-expression.
> > >
> > >
> > > 2.. The cond-expression, is evaluated. This expression must
> have arithmetic
> > > type. It is evaluated before each iteration. Three results are
> possible:
> > > a.. If cond-expression is true (nonzero), statement is
> executed; then
> > > loop-expression, if any, is evaluated. The loop-expression is
> evaluated after each
> > > iteration. There is no restriction on its type. Side effects will
> execute in
> > > order. The process then begins again with the evaluation of cond-
> expression.
> > >
> > >
> > > b.. If cond-expression is false (0), execution of the for
> statement terminates
> > > and control passes to the next statement in the program.
> > > This example illustrates the for statement:
> > >
> > > myema[ 0 ] = Close[ 0 ];for( i = 1; i < BarCount; i++ ){ myema
> [ i ] = 0.1 *
> > > Close[ i ] + 0.9 * myema[ i - 1 ];}This example iterates all bars
> of close array
> > > to calculate exponential moving averageif, else Statements
> > > if( expression )
> > > statement1
> > > [else
> > > statement2]
> > >
> > > The if keyword executes statement1 if expression is true
> (nonzero); if else is
> > > present and expression is false (zero), it executes statement2.
> After executing
> > > statement1 or statement2, control passes to the next statement.
> > >
> > > Example 1
> > >
> > > if ( i > 0 )
> > > y = x / i;
> > > else
> > > {
> > > x = i;
> > > y = abs( x );
> > > }In this example, the statement y = x/i; is executed if i is
> greater than 0. If i
> > > is less than or equal to 0, i is assigned to x and abs( x ) is
> assigned to y. Note
> > > that the statement forming the if clause ends with a semicolon.
> > >
> > > When nesting if statements and else clauses, use braces to group
> the statements
> > > and clauses into compound statements that clarify your intent. If
> no braces are
> > > present, the compiler resolves ambiguities by associating each
> else with the
> > > closest if that lacks an else.
> > >
> > > Example 2
> > >
> > > if ( i > 0 ) /* Without braces */
> > > if ( j > i )
> > > x = j;
> > > else
> > > x = i;The else clause is associated with the inner if
> statement in this
> > > example. If i is less than or equal to 0, no value is assigned to
> x.
> > >
> > > Example 3
> > >
> > > if ( i > 0 )
> > > { /* With braces */
> > > if ( j > i )
> > > x = j;
> > > }
> > > else
> > > x = i;The braces surrounding the inner if statement in this
> example make the
> > > else clause part of the outer if statement. If i is less than or
> equal to 0, i is
> > > assigned to x.
> > >
> > > CHANGE LOG
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.38.0 (as compared to 4.37.0)
> > >
> > > a.. new setting for candlestick appearance:
> > > Tools->Preferences->Charting
> > > "Use distinct color for" : "None, up candle hollow" -
> > > it plots entire candle with one color but leaves interior of UP
> candle body
> > > hollow.
> > >
> > >
> > > b.. added export chart image to PNG (portable network graphics)
> file
> > > Edit->Image->Export to PNG file
> > > (Please don't ask me to add GIF support. GIF is patented and
> requires $3500
> > > license fee for Unisys. PNG is free, supported by all browsers,
> smaller and better
> > > )
> > >
> > >
> > > c.. added 'send chart by e-mail' feature
> > > Edit->Image->Send by email
> > > and
> > > File->Send chart via e-mail
> > >
> > >
> > > d.. fixed positioning of arrows in image copies (Edit->Image-
> >Copy)
> > >
> > > e.. fixed crash occurring when printer device context did not
> support bit blit
> > > copies. added very simple arrow line drawing for that case (will
> be improved in
> > > future releases)
> > >
> > > f.. fixed bug in handling Null with new constructs: if, while
> and for.
> > > In pre-4.38 versions Null used in if, while for was treated as
> True, which was
> > > wrong
> > > if( Null ) _TRACE("WRONG");
> > > else _TRACE("CORRECT");
> > > Now Null in if, while, for is treated as False.
> > > g.. numbers (floats) are now automatically 'upsized' to arrays
> on first use of
> > > l-value array subscript operator without causing error.
> > > Also r-value subscript can be applied to numbers and return the
> number itself
> > > without causing error, but the underlying variable remains just a
> single number.
> > >
> > > This allows to easily intialize arrays to any value without
> need to write loops.
> > >
> > > Example 1:
> > > in previous versions you would need to write:
> > >
> > > for( i = 0; i < BarCount; i++ ) myarray[ i ] = 0 ; // fill with
> zeros
> > > myarray[ 5 ] = 6; // write value to 5th element of the array
> > >
> > > now you can write simply:
> > >
> > > myarray = 3; // initialize, at this moment myarray is just a
> number
> > > myarray[ 5 ] = 6; // write value to 5th element of the array,
> the variable is
> > > automatically
> > > // upsized to array and all elements are filled with a numeric
> value
> > > // that was originally placed in myarray variable
> > >
> > > /* myarray is holds now the array filled with values of 3
> except element 5 that
> > > has value of 6 */
> > >
> > > mynumber = 5;
> > > test = mynumber[ 7 ]; // previous versions would give an error
> message here
> > > // now subscript operator for r-value numeric variable
> > > // is allowed and returns just the number
> > > // and variable is not upsized to array unless appears on left
> side
> > > // of assignment (l-value)
> > > /* mynumber variable here is still a number */
> > > WriteVal( test );
> > >
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.37.0 (as compared to 4.36.0)
> > >
> > > a.. printing improved, now all open indicator panes are printed
> and resolution
> > > is increased
> > > b.. Edit->Copy As Image and Edit->Copy As Metafile now generate
> an image
> > > consisting of all indicator panes (not just one)
> > > c.. fixed problem with non-resetting sort arrows in AA window
> > > d.. fixed sometimes occuring crash Signal() function
> > > e.. increased size of error message text buffer to prevent
> overflow when
> > > reporting syntax errors in formulas having long unwrapped lines.
> > > f.. grid lines are drawn with fine dots instead of small dashes
> (screen output
> > > only)
> > > g.. new AFL functions:
> > > GetCategorySymbols( category, index )
> > > - retrieves comma-separated list of symbols belonging to given
> category
> > >
> > > supported categories:
> > > categoryMarket categoryGroup categorySector categoryIndustry
> categoryWatchlist
> > > categoryFavorite categoryIndex
> > >
> > > index = (market/group/industry/sector/watchlist number)
> > > 0..255 for categoryMarket, categoryGroup, categoryIndustry
> > > 0..63 for categorySector, categoryWatchlist
> > > ignored for categoryFavorite, categoryIndex
> > >
> > > StrExtract( list, item )
> > > - extracts given item (zero-based) from comma-separated string.
> > >
> > > Example:
> > > StrExtract( "MSFT,AAPL,AMD,INTC", 2 )
> > > will return AMD
> > >
> > > StrExtract( "MSFT,AAPL,AMD,INTC", 0 )
> > > will return MSFT
> > >
> > > StrExtract( "MSFT,AAPL,AMD,INTC", 200 )
> > > will return empty string ""
> > >
> > > + other minor fixes
> > >
> > > Example code for GetCategorySymbols and StrExtract:
> > >
> > > /* note: if given watch list contains lots of symbols
> > > ** performance may be poor
> > > */
> > > function CreateAverageForWatchList( listnum )
> > > {
> > > // retrive comma-separated list of symbols in watch list
> > > list = GetCategorySymbols( categoryWatchlist, listnum );
> > >
> > > Average = 0; // just in case there are no watch list members
> > >
> > > for( i = 0; ( sym = StrExtract( list, i ) ) != ""; i++ )
> > > {
> > > f = Foreign( sym, "C" );
> > > if( i == 0 ) Average = f;
> > > else Average = Average + f;
> > > }
> > >
> > > return Average / i; // divide by number of components
> > > }
> > >
> > > Plot( CreateAverageForWatchList( 1 ), "Avg of WL 1",
> colorGreen );
> > >
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.36.0 (as compared to 4.35.0)
> > >
> > > a.. fixed problem with affecting 2 or more identifiers
> referencing the same
> > > array when using l-value subscript operator []. Thanks Herman for
> pointing this
> > > out
> > > b.. global and local keywords - for explicit visibility/scope
> declarations
> > > Allow to override default scope rules that assume that
> variables defined outside
> > > function are global, while those identifiers that appear for the
> first time inside
> > > functions are local.
> > >
> > > Syntax:
> > >
> > > local var1 [, var2, ... ] ;
> > > global var1 [, var2, ... ] ;
> > >
> > > (as you can see you can declare more than one variable in one
> line.
> > >
> > > Note: using these keywords outside function definition has no
> meaning
> > > (global scope is used).
> > >
> > > Example:
> > >
> > > VariableA = 5; // implict global variable
> > >
> > > function Test()
> > > {
> > > local VariableA; // explicit local variable with the same
> identifier as global
> > >
> > > global VariableB; // explicit global variable not defined
> earlier
> > > // may be used to return more than one value
> from the
> > > function
> > >
> > > VariableA = 99;
> > > VariableB = 333;
> > > }
> > >
> > > VariableB = 1; // global variable
> > >
> > > "Before function call";
> > > "VariableA = " + VariableA;
> > > "VariableB = " + VariableB;
> > >
> > > Test();
> > >
> > > "After function call";
> > > "VariableA = " + VariableA + " (not affected by function
> call )";
> > > "VariableB = " + VariableB + " (affected by the function
> call )";
> > >
> > > c.. syntax highligting modified so keywords: #include, if,
> else, while, do,
> > > function, procedure, global, local, return are colorised
> differently than built-in
> > > constants or functions. Corresponding color/style setting added to
> > > Preferences->Editor
> > >
> > >
> > > d.. #pragma nocache
> > > pre-processor command added to switch off #include file caching
> mechanism.
> > > Note: between '#pragma' and 'nocache' there must be exactly
> SINGLE space
> > > Note 2: disabling caching may slow down execution of the
> formula (especially
> > > in indicators)
> > > Note 3: #pragma nocache must be placed before #includes
> > >
> > > Example:
> > > #pragma nocache
> > > #include <myfile.afl>
> > >
> > > a.. single line comments now work with #includes (and #pragma
> too) so you can
> > > comment out include in regular way:
> > > //#include <something> - will not include
> > >
> > >
> > > b.. changed error message from "unknown identifier"
> to "Variable 'name' used
> > > without having been initialized." which better decribes the
> problem.
> > >
> > > For example:
> > >
> > > function Test( )
> > > {
> > > global x;
> > > x = 3;
> > > }
> > >
> > > WriteVal( x ); // variable used without having been initialized,
> > > // although declared inside Test() function body
> > >
> > >
> > > Test( ); // during function call the value of 3 is assigned to
> variable x
> > >
> > > WriteVal( x ); // and now no error is reported
> > >
> > > a.. implemented shortcut evaluation of logical operators
> > > The operands of logical-AND and logical-OR expressions are
> evaluated from left
> > > to right. Now if the value of the first operand is sufficient to
> determine the
> > > result of the operation, the second operand is not evaluated.
> This is called
> > > "short-circuit evaluation."
> > >
> > > The left operand of the logical-AND operator is completely
> evaluated and all
> > > side effects complete before continuing. If the left operand
> evaluates to false
> > > (0), the other operand is not evaluated.
> > >
> > > The left operand of the logical-OR operator is completely
> evaluated
> > > and all side effects complete before continuing.
> > > If the left operand evaluates to true (nonzero), the other
> operand is not
> > > evaluated.
> > >
> > > (The above description applies to operands that evaluate to
> single boolean
> > > value,
> > > it does not apply to arrays. Operands that evaluate to arrays
> are evaluated
> > > always )
> > >
> > > Example:
> > > for( i = -3; i < BarCount; i++ )
> > > {
> > > // using old versions of AMiBroker you would get subscipt out
> of range
> > > // but now
> > > // the second operand (C[ i ] > C[ i - 1 ]) is evaluated
> > > // ONLY if first operand ( i >= 1 ) evaluates to TRUE
> > >
> > > if( i >= 1 && C[ i ] > C[ i - 1 ] )
> > > {
> > > _TRACE("TEST " + i);
> > > }
> > > }
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.35.0 (as compared to 4.34.2)
> > >
> > > a.. do-while loop implemented:
> > > Syntax:
> > >
> > > do statement while ( expression ) ;
> > >
> > > The expression in a do-while statement is evaluated after the
> body of the loop
> > > is executed.
> > > Therefore, the body of the loop is always executed at least
> once.
> > >
> > > Example:
> > >
> > > i=0;
> > > do
> > > {
> > > i++;
> > > }
> > > while( i < 100 );
> > > WriteVal( i );
> > >
> > >
> > > b.. it is now allowed to 'add' (or rather concatenate) string
> to a number /
> > > array. This saves quite a bit of typing. This works as in
> JScript. The left-hand
> > > operand of '+' has to be a string. The right-hand operand may be
> string, number or
> > > array. Numbers are coerced to strings using %g sprintf formatting
> (prints out
> > > decimal point only when necessary) and then concatenated. In case
> of arrays
> > > SELECTED VALUE is coerced to string and then concatenated.
> > >
> > > So now instead of
> > >
> > > i = 100;
> > > "Value is " + WriteVal( i );
> > > "Close : " + WriteVal( Close ) + ", Open : " + WriteVal( Open )
> + ", High : " +
> > > WriteVal( High );
> > >
> > > you can write:
> > >
> > > i = 100;
> > > "Value is " + i;
> > > "Close : " + Close + ", Open : " + Open + ", High : " + High;
> > >
> > > Note that
> > >
> > > "Test " + 100 + 1;
> > >
> > > will give you "Test 1001" because statements are parsed from
> left to right.
> > > "Test " is added first to "100" giving "Test 100" and then
> to "1" giving
> > > "Test 1001". If you want to perform numeric adding first please
> use braces:
> > >
> > > "Test " + ( 100 + 1 );
> > > - this will give you "Test 101"
> > >
> > >
> > > c.. additional tweaks in AFL engine & garbage collection,
> futher speed up of
> > > execution of very long loops
> > >
> > > d.. more error checking in AFL engine - will report using
> uninitialized
> > > variables that were accepted silently in 4.31.x - 4.34.x
> > > e.. #include now accepts new way of specifying file names to
> include:
> > >
> > > #include <filename.afl>
> > >
> > > (note < > braces instead of " " ) if you specify the file name
> this way
> > > AmiBroker will look for
> > > the file in "standard include path" that is definable using new
> prefs setting in
> > > Tools->Preferences->AFL
> > > It makes much shorter to write includes and you can move
> include folder now
> > > without changing all AFL codes using #includes.
> > >
> > > For example if you have set standard include path
> to "C:\AFL\MyIncludes" and
> > > write in your formula:
> > >
> > > #include <common.afl>
> > >
> > > AmiBroker will look for C:\AFL\MyIncludes\common.afl file
> > >
> > > Also now #include reports file(s) not found in regular error
> message box.
> > >
> > >
> > > f.. IIf/Min/Max are now overloaded functions (have two variants
> each)
> > > IIF( Condition_ARRAY, True_Array, False_Array ) (old one)
> > > IIF( BoolValue, TrueValue, FalseValue )
> > >
> > > Min( array1, array2 ) (old one)
> > > Min( number1, number2 )
> > >
> > > Max( array1, array2 ) (old one)
> > > Max( number1, number2 )
> > >
> > > The second one is choosen when all arguments are numbers and it
> is much much
> > > faster and returns number so LastValue() call is not neccessary
> anymore.
> > >
> > > Example:
> > >
> > > // much faster and does not require LastValue()
> > > period = IIF( name() == "MSFT", 5, 10 );
> > > result = Min( 7, 3 );
> > > // (result is still a number not array as in previous versions)
> > >
> > >
> > > g.. added 'endless loop detection threshold' setting to
> Preferences "AFL" tab.
> > > Recommended value 100000 or higher.
> > >
> > > h.. fixed parameter counting in CallFunction plugin callback in
> case of
> > > overloaded functions
> > > i.. fixed problem with premature freeing of arrays passed in
> default parameters
> > > fields (causing for example problem with color exploration
> output - introduced in
> > > 4.32)
> > >
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.34.2 (as compared to 4.34.0)
> > >
> > > a.. improved crash recovery dialog to include AFL engine state
> information and
> > > (in some cases) the source line of the formula that causes an
> exception
> > > b.. added ability to catch all exceptions in indicators and
> commentaries
> > > (switchabel via Tools->Preferences->AFL, "catch system
> exceptions...", ON by
> > > default) - allows you to continue to work even in case of serious
> problem
> > > c.. loop break by Shift+BREAK is now more sensitive
> > > d.. now you can control how often Shift+BREAK key is checked
> during formula
> > > execution (Tools->Preferences->AFL, "check SHIFT+Break every"
> (1..100, default =
> > > 50) (note that specifying low values may degrade performance
> slightly)
> > > e.. tweaked AFL memory allocator hash tables to get more speed
> for large looping
> > > formulas
> > > f.. although I never reproduced this problem I made some
> changes so 'TAB' key
> > > should not wipe the contents of AFL editor anymore
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.34.0 (as compared to 4.33.0)
> > >
> > > a.. user-definable functions and procedures with parameters and
> local variables
> > >
> > > b.. 'A' is NO LONGER predefined symbol. I decided to remove it
> because people
> > > tend to use A as user-variable forgetting the fact that it was
> build-in array
> > > holding typical price (H+L+C)/3. Use 'Avg' instead.
> > >
> > > c.. indicator list column width increased in Indicator Builder
> > > d.. DayOfYear - returns the calendar day number counting from
> beginning of the
> > > year January 1st is 1. Maximum number returned is 366
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.33.0 (as compared to 4.32.2)
> > >
> > > a.. Database purify tool implemented (available via Tools-
> >Database Purify)
> > > allows to detect missing/extra quotes, possible splits, invalid
> OHLC
> > > relationship
> > >
> > > Apply to/range settings similar to AA window. You can also
> right click over
> > > result list to add symbols to watch list and copy the list to the
> clipboard (and
> > > paste it later to any other program for futher use)
> > >
> > >
> > > b.. further improvements to AFL garbage collector, now looping
> regardless of
> > > loop count requires the same amount of memory as just single pass
> of the code (no
> > > growing allocated memory during loops).
> > > This enormously lowered memory consumption for some formulas
> and increased the
> > > speed of some loops 3..4 times.
> > >
> > >
> > > c.. added variable period support to the following functions:
> > > LinRegSlope,
> > > LinearReg,
> > > LinRegIntercept,
> > > StdErr,
> > > TSF
> > > Sample code:
> > >
> > > Plot( Close, "Test", colorBlack );
> > >
> > > range = 15 * MA( ATR( 15 ), 50 ) / ATR( 15 );
> > >
> > > //Plot( range, "range", colorBlue, styleOwnScale );
> > > Plot( LinearReg( Close, range ), "Test", colorRed );
> > >
> > > d.. fixed sometimes incorrect output of variable-period version
> of LLV/HHV
> > >
> > > e.. fixed crash occuring when bad arguments were passed to the
> function (bug
> > > introduced in 4.32.x).
> > >
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.32.2 (as compared to 4.32.1)
> > >
> > > a.. second bug in experimental garbage collector fixed.
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.32.1 (as compared to 4.32.0)
> > >
> > > a.. garbage collector was releasing memory too soon in some
> cases, now fixed.
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.32.0 (as compared to 4.31.1)
> > >
> > > a.. added type check in IF/ELSE statements
> > > b.. added type check in array element assignment
> > > c.. error messages now numbered and display changed slightly
> > > d.. you can break running loop by pressing Shift+BREAK (Pause)
> key combination
> > > e.. calling COM objects works again (was broken in 4.31.x)
> > > f.. changed slightly the way TAB works in editor, if TAB is
> pressed any
> > > selection is deselected to avoid accidential deletion of text
> > > g.. experimental: added 'agressive garbage collector' that
> extremely decreases
> > > the amount
> > > of memory required to run AFL formula by releasing the memory
> > > used for temporary variables as soon as possible (previously
> > > temporary memory was released at the end of formula execution).
> > > A side-effect of new garbage collector is some speed up in
> formula execution.
> > > h.. new tab in preferences for AFL engine settings
> > > i.. experimental feature, NOT for beginners, may be
> removed/modified in future
> > > releases:
> > > new _TRACE( "string" ) AFL function added
> > > that allows to write debug messages from AFL code to system
> debug viewer.
> > > (it calls internally OutputDebugString Win API function).
> > > To view debug messages you have to run DebugView freeware
> program
> > > from http://www.sysinternals.com/
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.31.1 (as compared to 4.31.0)
> > >
> > > a.. fixed bug introduced in 4.31.0 causing no text output in
> > > commentary/interpretation
> > > CHANGES FOR VERSION 4.31.0 (as compared to 4.30.0)
> > >
> > > a.. Workspace window uses "icon font" set in the Windows
> settings instead of
> > > hard coded Tahoma 8
> > > b.. for better readability and ClearType(tm) compatibility on
> WinXP, all dialog
> > > windows use now 'MS Shell Dlg' face name that maps to standard MS
> Sans Serif on
> > > Win 9x/Me/NT and Tahoma on Win 2K and XP.
> > > c.. rewritten AFL parser, now formula is parsed and coverted to
> syntax tree and
> > > then interpreted. This would allow further improvements including
> compilation.
> > > This allowed also to add loops/if-else statements.
> > > d.. implemented IF/ELSE statement, WHILE and FOR loops:
> > > The same basic 'for' loop in AFL is 2..3 times faster than in
> JScript
> > > Syntax follows C++/JScript style:
> > > while( conditional_expression ) statement;
> > >
> > > for( initializer_part; conditional_expression; iterator_part )
> statement;
> > >
> > > if( conditional_expression ) statement;
> > >
> > > if( conditional_expression )
> > > statement;
> > > else
> > > statement;
> > >
> > > e.. implemented compound statements: these are blocks of
> statements enclosed
> > > in opening and closing curly brace
> > >
> > > {
> > > statement1;
> > > statement2;
> > > ...
> > > statementN;
> > > }
> > >
> > > compound statement can appear anywhere when simple statement
> can.
> > >
> > > For example:
> > >
> > > i = 10;
> > > while( i < 20 )
> > > {
> > > Plot( MA( Close, i ), "MA" + WriteVal( i, 0 ), colorBlack + i );
> > > i = i + 1;
> > > }
> > >
> > > f.. implemented C-style postfix and prefix increment/decrement
> operators
> > >
> > > i = 10;
> > > WriteIf( i++ );
> > > WriteIf( ++i );
> > > WriteIf( i );
> > >
> > > g.. implemented array element access (subscript) operator []:
> > >
> > > WriteVal( Close[ 0 ] ); // prints the first bar of close array
> > >
> > > /* a sample low-level implementation of exponential moving
> average in AFL */
> > >
> > > myema[ 0 ] = Close[ 0 ];
> > >
> > > for( i = 1; i < BarCount; i++ )
> > > {
> > > myema[ i ] = 0.1 * Close[ i ] + 0.9 * myema[ i - 1 ];
> > > }
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > h.. added built-in constant 'BarCount' that returns number of
> bars available in
> > > arrays (the number of elements of array)
> > > When QuickAFL is turned on it may be less than true number of
> bars because
> > > QuickAFL feature attempts to use only visible bars (and few
> before). You can
> > > control how many bars the formula requires using SetBarsRequired
> () function
> > >
> > > i.. implemented infinite-loop protection. Nice if you forgot to
> increment
> > > counter variable in 'for' loop :-)
> > >
> > > j.. tab key now works without need to press ALT/CTRL in AFL
> editors
> > >
> > > k.. added C-like synonyms for logical ADD/OR/NOT: &&, ||, !
> > >
> > >
> > > /* a sample low-level implementation of Profit-target stop in
> AFL: */
> > >
> > > Buy = Cross( MACD(), Signal() );
> > >
> > > priceatbuy=0;
> > >
> > > for( i = 0; i < BarCount; i++ )
> > > {
> > > if( priceatbuy == 0 && Buy[ i ] )
> > > priceatbuy = BuyPrice[ i ];
> > >
> > > if( priceatbuy > 0 && SellPrice[ i ] > 1.1 * priceatbuy )
> > > {
> > > Sell[ i ] = 1;
> > > SellPrice[ i ] = 1.1 * priceatbuy;
> > > priceatbuy = 0;
> > > }
> > > else
> > > Sell[ i ] = 0;
> > > }
> > >
> > > /* sample EMA rainbow */
> > >
> > > Plot( Close, "Price", colorBlack, styleCandle );
> > > for( Range = 15; Range < 100; Range++ )
> > > Plot( EMA( Close, Range ), "MA"+WriteVal(Range,0), colorRose
> + Range % 8,
> > > styleNoLabel );
> > >
> > >
> > > HOW TO REPORT BUGS
> > >
> > > If you experience any problem with this beta version please send
> detailed
> > > description of the problem (especially the steps needed to
> reproduce it) to
> > > bugs@xxxx
> > >
> >
> >
> > __________________________________
> > Do you Yahoo!?
> > The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.
> > http://search.yahoo.com
>
>
>
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